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Sources

Bearden, Romare and Henderson, Harry A History of African-American Artists: From 1972 to the Present” Patheon Books, New York, New York. 1993.

 

Hanna, Emily G and Hynes, Lauren and Schriber, Abbe. Spiral: perspectives on an African-American art collective. Studio Museum Harlem. New York, New York. 2011.

 

Reigle, Alexandra. “Spiral: Discussing the Role of African American Artists in the Civil Rights Movement” Unbound: Smithsonian Libraries. February 26, 2016. Accessed February 17, 2020. https://blog.library.si.edu/blog/2016/02/26/spiral-discussing-the-role-of-african-american-artists-in-the-civil-rights-movement/#.Xks6ai2ZPVp

 

Siegal, Jeanne. “Why Spiral? : Norman Lewis, Romare Bearden, and Others on the Contradictions Facing Them in Modern America, in 1966” ARTnews. September 1966 (republished online by editors December 12, 2015).

 

Unknown Author. “Spring Way.” Smithsonian American Art Museum. 2020. Accessed May 4, 2020. https://americanart.si.edu/artwork/spring-way-37393

 

Unknown Author. “Norman Lewis”. Virtual Exhibition. Accessed May 4, 2020. https://art257virtualexhibitionyb.wordpress.com/norman-lewis/

 

Unknown Author. “Romare Bearden” DC Moore Gallery. Accessed May 4, 2020. http://www.dcmooregallery.com/artists/romare-bearden/series/projections?view=slider#2

 

Valentine, Victoria L. “Romare Bearden, Spiral Group and the March Toward Artistic Identity” Culture Type. August 28, 2013. Accessed February 16, 2020. https://www.culturetype.com/2013/08/28/romare-bearden-spriral-group-and-the-march-toward-artistic-identity/

 

Witkovsky, Matthew S. “Experience vs. Theory: Romare Bearden and Abstract Expressionism” Black American Literature Forum. Vol 23 No 2 Summer 1989. African American Review: St. Louis University. pp. 257-282

Photos

Reginald Gammon: https://www.blackartinamerica.com/index.php/2018/09/05/reginald-gammon-an-artist-for-the-people/

Emma Amos: https://emmaamos.com/

Alvin Hollingsworth: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alvin_Hollingsworth

Romare Bearden: https://www.wikiart.org/en/romare-bearden

Norman Lewis: https://americanart.si.edu/artist/norman-lewis-2921

Felrath Hines: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felrath_Hines

Charles Alston: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Alston

Merton Simpson: http://www.randafricanart.com/Merton_Simpson.html

Hale Woodruff: https://americanart.si.edu/artist/hale-woodruff-5477

Spiral Catalogue: https://blog.library.si.edu/blog/2016/02/26/spiral-discussing-the-role-of-african-american-artists-in-the-civil-rights-movement/#.Xks6ai2ZPVp

Freedom Now: https://blog.library.si.edu/blog/2016/02/26/spiral-discussing-the-role-of-african-american-artists-in-the-civil-rights-movement/#.Xks6ai2ZPVp

Smalltown: https://blog.library.si.edu/blog/2016/02/26/spiral-discussing-the-role-of-african-american-artists-in-the-civil-rights-movement/#.Xks6ai2ZPVp

Blue Lady: https://i.pinimg.com/originals/da/f6/9b/daf69b3606b29c0f3fb09026099a36e4.jpg

Three Folk Musicians: https://www.culturetype.com/2017/02/08/virginia-museum-acquires-three-folk-musicians-by-romare-bearden-an-iconic-collage-long-held-in-a-private-collection/

Spring Way: http://www.dcmooregallery.com/artists/romare-bearden/series/projections?view=slider#2

The Dove: http://www.dcmooregallery.com/artists/romare-bearden/series/projections?view=slider#2
 

Studio 35 Photo: Digital Image © The Museum of Modern Art/Licensed by SCALA / Art Resource, NY

Processional: https://art257virtualexhibitionyb.wordpress.com/norman-lewis/

© 2020 Created by Lorene Sugars, Cooperstown Graduate Program Class of 2020.

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